Noun and its kinds
English Grammar Lesson -5
Noun: - A noun is a naming
word. It can be name of person, place or thing. It may also be name of an idea or feeling.
For example: Virat Kohli, Amritsar, Hospital, Computer, Book
all are nouns.
Shortcut Trick:-NOUN =Naming word - P.P.T (Person, Place and
Thing)
In short, we can say that a noun is the name of anything.
Let's us start with kinds of Nouns.
There are four kinds of Nouns. (Earlier five).
Note:-
Words like wood, water, stone, chalk etc. were earlier classified as Material
Nouns. It is now usual to treat them as Common Nouns.
1) Proper Nouns: - A proper noun is the special name
given to a particular person or a place. Proper Nouns means one's own.
Hence a proper noun is a person's own name.
For example:-
Maharana Pratap names a particular person.
Rajasthan names a particular place.
Macbook name’s a particular thing.
The words written in Blue
are proper nouns,
whereas the words written in Red are Common Nouns.
Proper Nouns includes the names of
Person- Ashoka
Country-India
City- Ayodhya
Town- Almora
Village –Bhagwanpur
Historical place - Jallianwala Bagh
River - Ganga,
Ship-Titanic
Street- Swami Vivekananda Street (Chicago)
Mountain- Mount Everest
Month – January
Day- Monday
Festival - Gurupurab
Book – Ramayana
Newspaper - The Tribune etc.
Note:- A proper noun always begins with a Capital letter.
2) Common Noun:- A common noun is a name given in common to every person or thing of the same kind or class.
Note:- Common here means shared by all not a particular.
The words book pen, river, mountain, train, animal, bird,
city are all common nouns. As we have already seen them in proper noun which are
marked in red ink.
Look at the example given in proper nouns.
Satluj, Yamuna,
Mahanadi are the names of rivers. The word river is a common noun. It is shared
by all the three. But Satluj is the name of a particular river. So the word
Satluj is a proper Noun similarly, the words (Individually) Yamuna, Mahanadi
are also proper nouns.
Notes:-
Common nouns are not written in Capital letters.
For example:
1) India is a country.
2) Jeeva is a girl.
3) Collective
Nouns are the name given to a group / number of persons or
things in Collection.
For example: - Army, bunch, pack, class, fleet etc.
The word
Army stands for a collection of Soldiers
Bunch stands for a collection of keys or grapes.
Pack stands
for collection of dogs / wolves.
Class Stands
for collection of students.
Fleet stands
for Collection of ships, cars or buses.
Let's take some more examples:-
1) A band of Musicians
2) A Crew of sailors
3) A bundle of notes
4) A mob/crowd of people
5) A herd of cattle / sheep
6) A litter of puppies
7) A heap of stones
8) An orchard of fruits trees
9) A packet of cigarettes.
10) A swarm of flies, mosquitoes.
11) A colony of ants, frogs.
4) Abstract Noun: - is usually the name of a state, quality,
feeling or idea that we can only think of or feel but cannot touch or see.
For example:-Words like love, beauty, truth,
height, anger, health, bravery, honesty, kindness, truth, etc.
Let's understand it with an example.
We can feel heat, but we cannot touch or see it. What
can we touch or see is a hot object but not heat. Similarly, we can think of honesty,
but we cannot See or touch it.
Quality:-Kindness, honesty, politeness, wisdom,
beautiful
State: - Boyhood, slavery, sleep, sickness, poverty.
Action: - Theft, laughter, hatred, Judgement.
1) Abstract
Nouns can be formed from verbs.
Note:-
Verb is an action word.
Verb Noun
Know knowledge
Obey obedience
Grow growth
Judge judgement
Choose choice.
Laugh laughter.
Punish punishment
Appoint appointment
Revise revision
Invent invention
Protect protection
Discover discovery
2) Abstract Nouns can be made from Adjectives.
Adjective Abstract
Noun
Honest honesty
Brave bravery
Free freedom
Shy shyness
Deep depth
Strong strength
Foolish foolishness
Lazy laziness
Cruel cruelty
True truth
3) Abstract
nouns can be made from Common nouns.
Common Noun Abstract
Noun
Slave slavery
Prince princely
Dirt dirty
Child childhood
Friend friendship
4) Abstract nouns
are formed with the help of Some Common Suffixes
(Sometimes we may have to change spellings).
Suffix:- A suffix is a letter or a group of letters added end of a word to form a new word.
Let us form abstract nouns from these words by adding the
given a)
a) ness- great, kind, happy, lazy, dark, blind
b) ity- equal, real, moral, able, pure
c) Ship -hard, leader, friend, Champion, intern,
member
d) th- true, deep, die, grow, heal, strong
e) dom - bore, wise, free, king
f) ment -move,
agree, manage
g) sion -
decide, provide, invase, divide, Confuse conclude
h) hood - boy,
false, man
i) tion - act,
protect, decorate, absorb
j) y -
discover, honest, unite
k) ty - certain, loyal, anxious.
5) Material
Noun:- Material nouns are names of substances of which things are
made.
For example:-
1) I bought a diamond ring.
2) Plastic toys are very harmful.
Material nouns stands for something that we can see or touch,
something that has a physical form.
According
to grammatical distinction, the nouns can be classified as either
Countable Noun Uncountable Noun
1) Countable Noun: The countable noun represents the names of the people or the object that we can Count.
For example:-
1) There are two pencils in my pencil box.
2) Our school has six rooms.
Uncountable
Noun: The Countable noun represents the names of the people or the
object that we cannot count, but we can weigh or measure them.
1) There is no information about her.
2) Have you got some tea.
Notes:-☆ there are Certain nouns
that can be used both countable and uncountable according to the context.
For example:-
1) There are 3-4 hairs on my table.
2) She has a black, shiny hair.
In examples (i) “Hair' is used as countable nouns, while in
example (ii) hair is uncountable noun.
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